In this verse, Sanjaya, the narrator of the Bhagavad Gita, begins recounting the events on the battlefield of Kurukshetra. As Duryodhana, the Kaurava prince, observes the organized formation of the Pandava army, he becomes concerned and decides to seek guidance from his military teacher, Dronacharya.

"Drishtva tu Pandavanikam" indicates that Duryodhana, upon witnessing the well-arranged Pandava forces, recognizes the challenge ahead. The term "Vyudham" describes the military formation, highlighting the strategic arrangement of soldiers on the battlefield.

Feeling uneasy about the strength and unity of the Pandava army, Duryodhana approaches his teacher, Dronacharya, for advice and support. The term "Acharyam upasangamya" suggests Duryodhana going near or approaching his teacher with respect and seeking his counsel.

"Duryodhanastada" emphasizes the immediacy of Duryodhana's reaction. The mention of Duryodhana approaching Dronacharya reveals his awareness of the pivotal role the teacher plays in the upcoming war. Dronacharya, as the martial guru of both the Kauravas and Pandavas, holds a position of authority and knowledge in military strategy.

The verse sets the stage for Duryodhana's dialogue with Dronacharya, where he expresses his concerns and outlines the strength of the opposing army. Duryodhana's character is portrayed as ambitious, determined, and sometimes driven by a desire for power at any cost.

This interaction between Duryodhana and Dronacharya serves as a prelude to the subsequent chapters of the Bhagavad Gita, where various characters express their dilemmas, seek guidance, and engage in philosophical discourse. The unfolding events on the battlefield become a backdrop for Lord Krishna's teachings on duty, righteousness, and the path to spiritual wisdom.