The root cause of confusion and misunderstanding in the world arises from desires and dislikes. When people are driven by their desires and dislikes, they become entangled in a web of opposites, such as good and bad, joy and sorrow. This entanglement clouds their understanding, leading them to perceive the world as a series of conflicting pairs. Consequently, they fail to see the underlying unity that connects all living beings.

Instead of recognizing that everything is interconnected, they see themselves as separate from others and from the world. This misunderstanding perpetuates their cycle of birth and death, as they remain bound by the illusion of duality. Lord Krishna addresses Arjuna as "Parantapa," meaning one who scorches foes, to emphasize the importance of understanding and overcoming this illusion. By transcending desires and dislikes, individuals can break free from the cycle of birth and death and attain liberation.

Thus, Lord Krishna advises Arjuna to rise above the influence of desires and dislikes and strive to perceive the inherent unity in all existence.