Garrett Hardin was an American ecologist and environmentalist known for his work on the "tragedy of the commons," a concept that describes how individuals' actions can deplete shared resources. His writings, including influential essays on population control and environmental ethics, have had a significant impact on discussions about sustainability and resource management.

"The Universal Declaration of Human Rights describes the family as the natural and fundamental unit of society. It follows that any choice and decision with regard to the size of the family must irrevocably rest with the family itself, and cannot be made by anyone else."



"The social arrangements that produce responsibility are arrangements that create coercion, of some sort."



"But it is no good using the tongs of reason to pull the Fundamentalists' chestnuts out of the fire of contradiction. Their real troubles lie elsewhere."



"A coldly rationalist individualist can deny that he has any obligation to make sacrifices for the future."



"Education can counteract the natural tendency to do the wrong thing, but the inexorable succession of generations requires that the basis for this knowledge be constantly refreshed."



"It is a mistake to think that we can control the breeding of mankind in the long run by an appeal to conscience."



"The rational man finds that his share of the cost of the wastes he discharges into the commons is less than the cost of purifying his wastes before releasing them."



"However, I think the major opposition to ecology has deeper roots than mere economics; ecology threatens widely held values so fundamental that they must be called religious."



"Moreover, the practical recommendations deduced from ecological principles threaten the vested interests of commerce; it is hardly surprising that the financial and political power created by these investments should be used sometimes to suppress environmental impact studies."



"Why are ecologists and environmentalists so feared and hated? This is because in part what they have to say is new to the general public, and the new is always alarming."



"In an approximate way, the logic of commons has been understood for a long time, perhaps since the discovery of agriculture or the invention of private property in real estate."



"A finite world can support only a finite population; therefore, population growth must eventually equal zero."



"In a finite world this means that the per capita share of the world's goods must steadily decrease."



"Of course, a positive growth rate might be taken as evidence that a population is below its optimum."



"But as population became denser, the natural chemical and biological recycling processes became overloaded, calling for a redefinition of property rights."

